The scholars said that it is obligatory upon every accountable person (mukallaf) to know thirteen Attributes of Allaah. They are:
Existence, Oneness, Eternity, Everlastingness, Non-neediness of others, Power, Will, Knowledge, Hearing, Sight, Life, Speech, and Non-Resemblance to the Creation.
The explanation of these attributes is as follows:
- Existence: It is obligatory to believe that Allaah exists and that there is no doubt in His Existence. He exists without a place. Time does not lapse on Allaah.
- Oneness: Allaah is One without any partners. He is One in His Self, His Attributes, and His Actions.
- Eternity: Allaah is Eternal; there is no beginning to His Existence. He has existed since before the creation.
- Everlastingness: Allaah is Everlasting; His existence does not come to an end. He does not perish.
- Non-neediness of others: Allaah does not need any of His creations and they are all in need of Him.
- Power: Allaah has Power over everything.
- Will: Everything that occurs in this world is by the Will of Allaah.
- Knowledge: Allaah knows about all things before they occur. Allah knows what happened,what is currently happening and what is going to happen in the future.
- Hearing: Allaah hears all what is hearable, without an ear or any other organ.
- Sight: Allaah sees everything that is seeable, without a pupil or any other organ.
- Life: Allaah is alive without a soul, skin, or heart. His Life is not similar to ours. He is alive and does not die.
- Speech: Allaah’s Speech is without a tongue or lip. His Speech is not in a language, it is not in Arabic or any other language. It is also not a sound or a letter. His Speech does not resemble the speech of the humans in any way.
- Non-Resemblance to the Creations: Allaah does not resemble the creations.
